Regurgitación aórtica
Revisado por pares por Dr Adrian Bonsall, MBBSÚltima actualización por Dr Colin Tidy, MRCGPÚltima actualización 1 Aug 2017
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En esta serie:Enfermedad de las válvulas cardíacasEstenosis mitralInsuficiencia mitralEstenosis aórticaEndocarditis infecciosa
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Aortic regurgitation is sometimes called aortic incompetence or a leaky aortic valve. In aortic regurgitation the valve does not close properly. The aortic valve is a heart valve that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta. Therefore, blood leaks back (regurgitates) into the left ventricle from the aorta.
In some cases, aortic regurgitation occurs at the same time as aortic stenosis. Read more about aortic stenosis.
De un vistazo
Aortic regurgitation is when blood leaks backward through the aortic valve.
Symptoms may include tiredness, shortness of breath, and swollen ankles.
Mild cases may not need treatment.
Medicines can ease symptoms if heart failure develops.
Surgery to repair or replace the valve may be advised for more severe cases.
Síntomas
Mild aortic regurgitation may cause no symptoms. However symptoms may include
Falta de aliento, especially with exercise or when you lie down
Swollen ankles (edema)
Tratamiento
If the backflow of blood is mild then you may not need any treatment. If you develop complications, various medicines may be advised. Surgery may sometimes be advised.
Medicamento
Medication may be advised to help ease symptoms of heart failure if heart failure develops - for example, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors y/o 'water' tablets (diuretics). See separate leaflet called Heart Failure for more details on treatment methods.
Cirugía
Surgical options include repair of the aortic valve or replacement of the valve. The most recent guideline recommends replacement as the preferred option in most cases.
Valve replacement surgery may be with a mechanical or a tissue valve. Mechanical valves are made of materials which are not likely to react with your body, such as titanium. Tissue valves are made from treated animal tissue, such as valves from a pig. If you need surgery, a surgeon will advise on which is the best option for your situation.
Surgical treatment has greatly improved the outlook in most people with more severe regurgitation. The outlook (prognosis) is good if the valve is treated before the heart becomes badly damaged.
¿Cuál es el resultado?
The outcome (prognosis) will depend on the underlying cause and the severity of aortic regurgitation. The outcome is generally poor if there is no treatment but is good with available modern treatments.
Selecciones del paciente para Enfermedad del corazón
Salud del corazón y vasos sanguíneos
Enfermedad del corazón
The heart is a muscle pump located in the chest, which pumps blood around the body. It keeps pumping from a few weeks after conception until we die. There are a number of different conditions that can affect how the heart works.
por la Dra. Rachel Hudson, MRCGP
Salud del corazón y vasos sanguíneos
Angina microvascular
No existe una definición aceptada para CSX. La causa subyacente puede ser un estrechamiento repentino (espasmo) de las arterias coronarias normales sin evidencia de placas grasas ateromatosas.
por la Dra. Hayley Willacy, FRCGP
Preguntas frecuentes
Can aortic regurgitation improve on its own without treatment?
The article implies that if the backflow of blood is mild, treatment might not be necessary, suggesting that it may remain stable or not worsen. However, it does not explicitly state that aortic regurgitation can improve or resolve on its own. It highlights that the outcome is generally poor without treatment if the condition is severe.
What is the typical recovery time after aortic valve surgery?
The article mentions that surgical treatment has greatly improved the outlook for people with severe regurgitation, but it does not provide information on typical recovery times or what to expect in the period immediately following surgery.
Are there any lifestyle changes I can make to help manage aortic regurgitation?
The article focuses primarily on medical and surgical treatments, and the symptoms of the condition. It does not offer specific advice on lifestyle changes that might help manage aortic regurgitation or its symptoms.
How often will I need to be monitored if my aortic regurgitation is mild and doesn't require treatment?
The article states that mild cases may not need treatment, but it does not specify any recommendations for ongoing monitoring or follow-up appointments in such situations.
What are the potential risks associated with mechanical or tissue valve replacement surgery?
The article describes the types of valves used in surgery (mechanical and tissue) and states that surgery has improved outcomes. However, it does not detail the potential risks or complications associated with these surgical procedures or the different types of valves.
Lecturas adicionales y referencias
- Profilaxis contra la endocarditis infecciosa: Profilaxis antimicrobiana contra la endocarditis infecciosa en adultos y niños que se someten a procedimientos intervencionistas; Guía Clínica NICE (marzo 2008 - última actualización julio 2016)
- Guías ESC 2023 para el manejo de la endocarditis infecciosa; Sociedad Europea de Cardiología (Ago 2023)
- Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al; 2017 AHA/ACC Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease. Circulation. 2017; CIR.0000000000000503. Originally published March 15, 2017.
- Vahanian A et al; Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease: The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology, 2017
- Ozkan M; What is new in ACC/AHA 2017 focused update of valvular heart disease guidelines. Anatol J Cardiol. 2017 Jun;17(6):421-422. doi: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2017.7925.
Sobre el autorVer biografía completa
Dr Colin Tidy, MRCGP
Médico General, Autor Médico
MBBS, MRCGP, MRCP (Paediatrics), DCH
El Dr. Colin Tidy es un médico del NHS, con sede en Oxfordshire.
Acerca del revisorVer biografía completa
Dr Adrian Bonsall, MBBS
Autor Médico
MA (Química), MBBS (Hons), DCH
Desde el año 2000, Adrian ha trabajado en pediatría de emergencia y cuidados críticos en Sídney, con intereses particulares en toxicología, trauma y reanimación.
Historial del artículo
La información en esta página está escrita y revisada por pares por clínicos calificados.
Artículo también disponible en Inglés, Alemán, Español, Francés, Italiano, Portugués, Hindi, Hebreo, Árabe, y Sueco.
1 Aug 2017 | Última versión
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