Degeneración macular relacionada con la edad
Última actualización 3 Apr 2025
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Age-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that is a leading cause of vision loss in older people in developed countries. Subtle abnormalities indicating changes in vision may occur in a person's forties or fifties. Distorted vision and vision loss usually become noticeable in a person's sixties or seventies and tend to worsen over time.
Descripción
Age-related macular degeneration is an eye disease that is a leading cause of vision loss in older people in developed countries. Subtle abnormalities indicating changes in vision may occur in a person's forties or fifties. Distorted vision and vision loss usually become noticeable in a person's sixties or seventies and tend to worsen over time.
Age-related macular degeneration mainly affects central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. The vision loss in this condition results from a gradual deterioration of light-sensing cells in the tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and colour (the retina). Specifically, age-related macular degeneration affects a small area near the center of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Side (peripheral) vision and night vision are generally not affected, but slow adjustment of vision to darkness (dark adaptation) and reduced dim light (scotopic) vision often occur in the early stages of the disease.
Researchers have described two major types of age-related macular degeneration, known as the dry form and the wet form. The dry form is much more common, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of all cases of age-related macular degeneration. It is characterised by a buildup of yellowish deposits called drusen beneath the retina and vision loss that worsens slowly over time. The most advanced stage of dry age-related macular degeneration is known as geographic atrophy, in which areas of the macula waste away (atrophy), resulting in severe vision loss. Dry age-related macular degeneration typically affects vision in both eyes, although vision loss often occurs in one eye before the other.
In 10 to 15 percent of affected individuals, the dry form progresses to the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. The wet form is characterised by the growth of abnormal, fragile blood vessels underneath the macula. These vessels leak blood and fluid, which damages the macula and makes central vision appear blurry and distorted. The wet form of age-related macular degeneration is associated with severe vision loss that can worsen rapidly.
Patrones de herencia
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Pattern unknown. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Otros nombres
Age-related maculopathy
AMD
ARMD
Macular degeneration, age-related
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
Degeneración macular
Age-related macular degeneration is the most common cause of sight impairment in those aged over 50. It causes a gradual loss of central vision, which is needed for detailed work y for things like reading and driving. Macular degeneration (also known as age-related macular degeneration) occurs when cells in the macula - the central area of the.
Patient information leaflet
Problemas oculares
Macular degeneration The macula is the small area of the retina at the back of your eye and responsible for your central vision. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD, or ARMD) is the most common cause of severe sight problems in the developed world. See the separate leaflet called Age-related macular degeneration 'Colour blindness' (colour vision.
Patient information leaflet
Problemas visuales
Arteritis de células gigantes (ACG) Este condition is usually seen en patients over 50 years of age, most of whom over 70. Degeneración macular (MD) The mácula is the spot on the back de the eye which sees the things that are looked at directly. Macular degeneration occurs when this area de el retina degenerates y loses function. See the separate.
Patient information leaflet
Cataratas
How common are cataracts. Catarata relacionada con la edad (catarata senil) This is by far the most common type, y it affects older people, becoming more common with increasing age. In the UK about 1 in 3 people over the age of 65 have at least one cataract. Two of the most important are macular degene... Symptoms of macular degeneration Macular.
Patient information leaflet
Prevención de caídas en personas mayores
A disorder of the brain ( Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ) can also cause falls. Problems with vision : for example, clouding of the lens of the eye ( cataract ) and visual field defects , where part of the field of vision appears to be missing. Breakdown of the cells lining the back of the eye is known as age-related macular degeneration. It is a.
Patient information leaflet
Síndrome de Charles Bonnet
Charles Bonnet syndrome is a common condition experienced by people who are losing, or have lost, their sight. It involves seeing things which are not really there (having visual hallucinations). It can occur in anyone who has experienced moderate to severe visual loss. This includes people experiencing conditions such as age-related macular.
Lecturas adicionales y referencias
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