Didanosine for HIV

About didanosine

Didanosine is an antiretroviral medicine. It is used for infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). It slows the progress of HIV infection, but it is not a cure. HIV destroys cells in the body, called CD4 T cells. These cells are a type of white blood cell and are important because they are involved in protecting your body from infection. If left untreated, the HIV infection weakens your immune system so that your body cannot defend itself against bacteria, viruses and other germs. Didanosine slows down the progress of HIV infection by reducing the amount of virus in your body. It does this by stopping the virus from copying (replicating) itself.

Didanosine will be prescribed for you by a doctor who is a specialist. It belongs to a group of antiretroviral medicines known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). It is given alongside a number of other antiretroviral medicines, as part of a combination therapy. Taking three or more antiretroviral medicines at the same time is more effective than taking one alone. Taking a combination of different medicines also reduces the risk that the virus will become resistant to any individual medicine. It is vital to take your antiretroviral medicines exactly as prescribed to maintain success and to help to prevent the virus from becoming resistant to the medicines. These medicines are usually taken for life.

Some medicines are not suitable for people with certain conditions, and sometimes a medicine can only be used if extra care is taken. For these reasons, before you start taking didanosine it is important that your doctor knows:

• Si estás embarazada, intentando tener un bebé o amamantando.

• Si tiene algún problema con el funcionamiento de su hígado, o si tiene problemas con el funcionamiento de sus riñones.

• Si bebes mucho alcohol.

• If you have ever had inflammation of your pancreas, called pancreatitis.

• If you feel any tingling or pain in your arms or legs, or if you have any numbness in these areas.

• Si está tomando otros medicamentos. Esto incluye cualquier medicamento que se pueda comprar sin receta, así como medicamentos herbales y complementarios.

• Si alguna vez has tenido una reacción alérgica a un medicamento.

• Before you start the treatment, read the manufacturer's printed information leaflet from inside your pack. It will give you more information about didanosine, and it will also provide you with a full list of the side-effects which you could experience from taking it.

• Take didanosine exactly as your doctor tells you to. You will be asked to take one or two doses each day. If you are taking two doses a day, take them 12 hours apart, so in the morning and the evening.

• Try to take didanosine at the same times each day, as this will help you to remember to take it regularly. You should take your doses 'on an empty stomach'. This means that you should take them two hours before a meal, or you should wait until two hours after you have eaten. This is because your body absorbs less didanosine when there is food in your stomach, which means that the medicine is less effective.

• Swallow the capsules whole with a large glassful of water. Do not open up the capsules, as this may reduce how much of the medicine your body absorbs.

• If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember (keeping in mind that it should be taken without food). If it is time to take your next dose when you remember, leave out the missed dose and just take the dose that is due. Do not take two doses together to make up for a forgotten dose.

• Keep your regular appointments with your doctor so that your progress can be monitored. You will need to have regular blood tests to check how well your medicines are working.

• It is important that you continue to take didanosine and your other antiretroviral treatment regularly. This will help to prevent the HIV from becoming resistant to the medicines you are taking. Even if you miss only a small number of doses, the virus can become resistant to treatment.

• If you develop an infection soon after you start the treatment, let your doctor know. As a result of taking didanosine, your immune system may start fighting an infection which was present before you started the treatment, but which you may not have been aware of.

• Siga cuidadosamente cualquier consejo que le dé su médico sobre hacer cambios en su estilo de vida para reducir cualquier riesgo de daño a su corazón y vasos sanguíneos. Estos pueden incluir dejar de fumar, comer saludablemente y hacer ejercicio regularmente.

• Didanosine has been associated with serious side-effects in some people who have taken it. These include inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), and a problem where there is too much lactic acid in the blood, known as lactic acidosis. The symptoms associated with these side-effects are listed in the next section 'Can didanosine cause problems?'. If you develop any of the symptoms listed below, you must let your doctor know de inmediato, ya que pueden empeorar e incluso volverse potencialmente mortales.

• Algunas personas que toman medicamentos antirretrovirales desarrollan cambios en la forma en que la grasa corporal se distribuye en el cuerpo. Esto puede resultar en cambios en la imagen corporal. Su médico discutirá la posibilidad de esto con usted.

• Aunque el tratamiento con medicamentos antirretrovirales puede reducir el riesgo de transmitir el VIH a otros a través del contacto sexual, no lo elimina por completo. Es importante que uses preservativos.

• It is not uncommon for people with HIV to feel low or even depressed, especially soon after the diagnosis has been made and treatment has been started. If you have any feelings of depression, or any distressing thoughts about harming yourself then you should speak with your doctor de inmediato.

• Your doctor is likely to recommend that your eyesight be checked every year. If you notice any problems with your eyesight in between these checks, you should let your doctor know about this.

• Algunas personas que han tomado medicamentos antirretrovirales (particularmente durante un largo período) han desarrollado una condición llamada osteonecrosis. Esta es una enfermedad ósea donde el tejido óseo muere debido a una reducción en el suministro de sangre. Esto lleva a dolores articulares y rigidez, y puede causar dificultades en el movimiento. Si nota alguno de estos síntomas, hable con su médico.

• If you buy any medicines, supplements or herbal remedies 'over the counter', check with a pharmacist that they are suitable to take with didanosine and your other medicines. This is because some medicines interfere with antiretrovirals and can stop them from working properly.

• Si vas a someterte a una operación o tratamiento dental, informa a la persona que realiza el tratamiento sobre los medicamentos que estás tomando.

• Treatment for HIV is usually lifelong. Continue to take didanosine regularly, even if you feel well. This is to keep your immune system healthy.

Along with their useful effects, most medicines can cause unwanted side-effects although not everyone experiences them. The table below contains some of the most common ones associated with didanosine. You will find a full list in the manufacturer's information leaflet supplied with your medicine. The unwanted effects often improve as your body adjusts to the new medicine, but speak with your doctor or pharmacist if any of the following continue or become troublesome.

Your doctor will discuss with you the possibility of less common but more serious side-effects occurring, such as inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) or lactic acidosis. Let your doctor know straightaway if you develop any of the following symptoms.

• The most common signs of pancreatitis are abdominal pain, feeling sick (nausea) or being sick (vomiting), fever, and feeling generally unwell.

• The most common signs of acidosis láctica are feeling sick (nausea) or being sick (vomiting), tummy pain, loss of appetite, loss of weight, feeling weak or dizzy, and fast or gasping breathing.

Si experimenta otros síntomas que cree que pueden deberse al medicamento, hable con su médico o farmacéutico para obtener más consejos.

• Mantenga todos los medicamentos fuera del alcance y la vista de los niños.

• Almacenar en un lugar fresco y seco, lejos del calor y la luz directos.